Mathematicians at Aston University are developing computational modelling techniques to examine how nature tackles the resistance, or drag, experienced by a body while it is moving through air or water. As part of this project the experts will establish new mathematical models of biological drag reduction techniques, such as those used by the fish in question, who secrete slime to make a quick get away from predators.
Potential to contribute
A major contributing factor to worldwide fuel consumption is friction drag (also known as skin friction drag), which is drag caused by the friction of a fluid or gas against the surface of an object that is moving through it. By considering methods to reduce this effect, this project has the potential to contribute to a reduction in CO2 emissions created by vehicles including cars, ships and planes.
A reduction in drag could also increase the performance range of electric vehicles, making them more attractive to car buyers.
The project, ‘Utilising a Naturally Occurring Drag Reduction Method’, is led by Dr Paul Griffiths, senior lecturer in applied mathematics in the College of Engineering and Physical Sciences. He said: “At present, one of the largest sources of CO2 emissions stems directly from the burning of fossil fuels for transportation purposes. Maritime transport alone emits annually around 940 million tonnes of CO2.
“Turbulent flows play a significant role in reducing fuel efficiency and, in the case of fossil-fuel burning engines, have an associated impact in increasing harmful CO2 emissions.
“The goal of this project is to develop mathematical techniques that can be used to model the control of such flows with a specific focus on the ability to delay the onset of turbulent transition.
“It is an exciting time for me and my group to join Aston University, we are very much looking forward to contributing to the innovative fluid mechanics research that takes place here.
“This research is part of Aston University’s growing digital agenda, recognising the importance of computational modelling and simulation to the rapid advancements in all areas of technology. Computational approaches are transforming how the world operates.”
The project is funded by ESPRC and will last 24 months. Once the initial project is complete the team hopes to work with industry partners to put their theoretical findings into practice.